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ICES Journal of Marine Science: Journal du Conseil Advance Access published online on September 25, 2008
ICES Journal of Marine Science: Journal du Conseil, doi:10.1093/icesjms/fsn157
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© 2008 International Council for the Exploration of the Sea. Published by Oxford Journals. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Indicators and scientific knowledge in regional Baltic Sea environmental policy

Hermanni Backer

HELCOM Secretariat, Katajanokanlaituri 6 B, FI-00160 Helsinki, Finland

tel/fax: +35 8207412620; e-mail: hermanni.backer{at}helcom.fi

Backer, H. 2008. Indicators and scientific knowledge in regional Baltic Sea environmental policy. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 65: 1398–1401.

Since the 1990s, indicators have emerged as key tools used by the Helsinki Commission (HELCOM) for drafting regional Baltic Sea management actions and monitoring their implementation. The central role played by indicators in recent years can readily be seen in the 2007 Baltic Sea Action Plan (BSAP), where they have been used for defining quantitative targets and management actions and for providing background information. Similarly, the currently available, annually updated, web-based indicators include performance indicators with quantitative reference and target values, and descriptive indicators without such values. In addition to good indicators, implementation of the ecosystem approach, as is the aim of the BSAP as well as the newly adopted European Marine Strategy Framework Directive, requires extensive implementation of the precautionary principle and related concepts.

Keywords: Baltic Sea Action Plan, ecological objectives, ecosystem approach, environmental indicators, EU Marine Strategy Framework Directive, HELCOM, policy–science interactions

Received 21 December 2007; accepted 21 May 2008.


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