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ICES Journal of Marine Science: Journal du Conseil 2005 62(3):412-416; doi:10.1016/j.icesjms.2004.11.005
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© 2004 International Council for the Exploration of the Sea

Running the gauntlet: the predation environment of small fish in the northern Gulf of St Lawrence, Canada

Daniel E. Duplisea*

Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Institut Maurice-Lamontagne Mont-Joli, QC, G5H 3Z4 Canada

*Correspondence to D. E. Duplisea: tel: +1 418 775 0881; fax: +1 418 775 0740. e-mail: Duplisead{at}dfo-mpo.gc.ca.

Predation size spectra were constructed for the northern Gulf of St Lawrence, covering prey size ranges that include pre-recruit cod. Predation by fish and harp seals was modelled with a log-normally distributed predator–prey size ratio along with a relationship between predator body size and the energy required. Fish concentrate predation on prey of weight 0.5–2 g, whereas harp seals prefer prey of 60–125 g. It is speculated that predation caused by harp seals on pre-recruits could be a major factor limiting cod recruitment in the system. The northern Gulf of St Lawrence is a cold boreal system with a large predatory seal population, and cod recruit older than elsewhere. Therefore, cod recruitment may be more strongly affected by predation in the northern Gulf of St Lawrence than in warmer systems such as the North Sea, where recruitment is strongly influenced by temperature.

Keywords: depensation, foodweb, size spectrum, stock recovery

Received 1 April 2004; accepted 25 October 2004.


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