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ICES Journal of Marine Science: Journal du Conseil Advance Access published online on October 3, 2009
ICES Journal of Marine Science: Journal du Conseil, doi:10.1093/icesjms/fsp237
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© 2009 International Council for the Exploration of the Sea. Published by Oxford Journals. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

An investigation of the spawning behaviour of the chokka squid Loligo reynaudii and the potential effects of temperature using acoustic telemetry

Nicola J. Downey1, Michael J. Roberts1 and Dan Baird2

1 Marine and Coastal Management, Private Bag X2, Rogge Bay 8012, South Africa
2 Department of Botany and Zoology, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland, Stellenbosch, South Africa

Correspondence to N. J. Downey: tel: +27 82 714 0419; fax: +27 86 562 3281; e-mail: nikkid1{at}gmail.com.

Downey, N. J., Roberts, M. J., and Baird, D. 2009. An investigation of the spawning behaviour of the chokka squid Loligo reynaudii and the potential effects of temperature using acoustic telemetry. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 67: 000–000.

Spawning aggregations of chokka squid are influenced by environmental conditions. Acoustic telemetry was used to monitor the behaviour of spawning squid in relation to environmental variability. During the November squid-fishery closed seasons of 2003–2006, hexagonal VR2 receiver arrays were moored on and around active spawning aggregations in Kromme Bay, South Africa. In all, 45 squid were tagged (V9P-6L-S256 transmitters) and released within these arrays. Three presence–absence behaviours were identified: (i) arrival on the spawning site at dawn and departure after dusk, (ii) continuous presence for a number of days, and (iii) presence interrupted by frequent but short periods of absence. Movement between spawning sites was both diurnal and nocturnal. Squid presence at the monitored sites increased after dawn and decreased towards and after dusk. Occasionally, a core aggregation of squid remained on the spawning sites at night. Temperature data at the sites indicated occasional upwelling, and although the role of temperature in the spawning process is not well understood, data suggest that it is linked to the continuation and or interruption of spawning after an aggregation has formed. The initial formation of spawning aggregations appears to be triggered by upwelling events.

Keywords: acoustic telemetry, behaviour, Loligo reynaudii, spawning, squid, temperature

Received 18 May 2009; accepted 17 July 2009.


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