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ICES Journal of Marine Science: Journal du Conseil Advance Access published online on August 6, 2009
ICES Journal of Marine Science: Journal du Conseil, doi:10.1093/icesjms/fsp218
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© 2009 International Council for the Exploration of the Sea. Published by Oxford Journals. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Swimbladder condition and target strength of myctophid fish in the temperate zone of the Northwest Pacific

Hiroki Yasuma1, Kouichi Sawada2, Yoshimi Takao2, Kazushi Miyashita1 and Ichiro Aoki3

1 Field Science Centre for the Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1 Minato, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan
2 National Research Institute of Fisheries Engineering, Ebidai, Hasaki, Kashima, Ibaraki 314-0408, Japan
3 Graduate School of Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan

Correspondence to H. Yasuma: tel: +81 138 408817; fax: +81 138 408817; e-mail: anb52615{at}nifty.com.

Yasuma, H., Sawada, K., Takao, Y., Miyashita, K., and Aoki, I. 2010. Swimbladder condition and target strength of myctophid fish in the temperate zone of the Northwest Pacific. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 67: 000–000.

We report theoretical values of the target strength (TS) of four myctophid fish (Ceratoscopelus warmingii, Myctophum asperum, Diaphus garmani, and Diaphus chrysorhynchus) based on morphometry of the swimbladder. None of the D. chrysorhynchus had an inflated swimbladder, but the other species had both inflated and non-inflated swimbladders, depending on body size. The relationships between swimbladder and body length showed that once gas production started, the swimbladders grew faster than the rest of the body (positive allometric growth). However, M. asperum showed regression of the swimbladder after positive allometric growth, so larger specimens had non-inflated swimbladders. Based on the measurements of swimbladder and body length, the theoretical TS values at 38 and 120 kHz were calculated using existing sound-scattering models. In fish with inflated swimbladders, TS values were relatively low (less than –67 dB, reduced TScm) at both frequencies. Regression slopes on TS–body length (log) plots were >20, suggesting that their scattering cross sections were not proportional to the square of the body length. In contrast, the TS values of M. asperum decreased with growth in large fish (60–80 mm long) through swimbladder regression. Scattering cross sections of fish without swimbladders were not proportional to the square of the body length over the whole size range.

Keywords: acoustic resonance, myctophid fish, swimbladder allometry, theoretical target strength

Received 19 December 2008; accepted 25 May 2009.


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