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ICES Journal of Marine Science: Journal du Conseil Advance Access originally published online on May 14, 2009
ICES Journal of Marine Science: Journal du Conseil 2009 66(7):1640-1646; doi:10.1093/icesjms/fsp133
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© 2009 International Council for the Exploration of the Sea. Published by Oxford Journals. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

This article appears in the following ICES Journal of Marine Science issue: Effects of Climate Change on the World's Oceans [View the issue table of contents]

Local solutions to manage the effects of global climate change on a marine ecosystem: a process guide for marine resource managers

Kelley D. Higgason1,2 and Maria Brown2

1 Environmental Management Graduate Program, University of San Francisco, 2130 Fulton Street, San Francisco, CA 94117, USA
2 NOAA/NOS/ONMS Gulf of the Farallones National Marine Sanctuary, 991 Marine Drive, The Presidio, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

Correspondence to K. D. Higgason: tel: +1 415 561 6622 ext. 202; fax: +1 415 561 6616; e-mail: kelley.higgason{at}noaa.gov

Higgason, K. D., and Brown, M. 2009. Local solutions to manage the effects of global climate change on a marine ecosystem: a process guide for marine resource managers. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 66: 1640–1646.

The marine environment plays an important role in controlling the amount of CO2 that remains within the earth’s atmosphere, but it has not received as much attention as the terrestrial environment regarding climate-change effects, mitigation programmes, and action plans. Potential physical effects of climate change within the marine environment, including ocean acidification, changes in winds that drive upwelling and ocean circulation patterns, increasing global sea surface temperatures, and sea level rise, can result in dramatic changes within marine and coastal ecosystems. Often, marine resource managers feel overwhelmed by the magnitude of this issue and are therefore uncertain how to begin to take action. It may seem that they do not have the time, funding, or staff to take on a challenge as large as climate change, and fail to act as a result. Using NOAA’s Gulf of the Farallones National Marine Sanctuary as a case study, this paper outlines the need to act now and presents an easy-to-use process guide, providing managers options to incorporate effectively the influences of climate change into management strategies, as well as mitigate these influences through community outreach and a reduction in workplace emissions.

Keywords: action plan, adaptive, climate change, marine, ocean, resource managers, strategies

Received 15 August 2008; accepted 30 March 2009; advance access publication 14 May 2009.


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