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ICES Journal of Marine Science: Journal du Conseil Advance Access originally published online on April 8, 2009
ICES Journal of Marine Science: Journal du Conseil 2009 66(6):998-1006; doi:10.1093/icesjms/fsp077
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© 2009 International Council for the Exploration of the Sea. Published by Oxford Journals. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

This article appears in the following ICES Journal of Marine Science issue: The Ecosystem Approach with Fisheries Acoustics and Complementary Technologies [View the issue table of contents]

Acoustic observations of micronekton fish on the scale of an ocean basin: potential and challenges

Rudy J. Kloser, Tim E. Ryan, Jock W. Young and Mark E. Lewis

CSIRO MAR, PO Box 1538, Hobart 7001, Australia

Correspondence to R. J. Kloser: tel: +61 3 62325222; fax: +61 3 62325000; e-mail: rudy.kloser{at}csiro.au.

Kloser, R. J., Ryan, T. E., Young, J. W., and Lewis, M. E. 2009. Acoustic observations of micronekton fish on the scale of an ocean basin: potential and challenges. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 66: 998–1006.

Acoustic methods of characterizing micronekton communities (~2 to 20 cm length) on the scale of an ocean basin could provide valuable inputs to ecosystem-based fishery management, marine planning, and monitoring the effects of climate change. The micronekton fish are important forage for top predators (e.g. tunas), and information on their diversity, distribution, size-structure, and abundance is needed to increase accuracy of top-predator distribution and abundance predictions. At the scale of an ocean basin, four years of Tasman Sea transects using a fishing vessel provide fine-scale maps of acoustic backscatter at 38 kHz that reveal detailed spatial patterns and structure to depths of 1200 m. Research-vessel data provide detailed biodiversity, density, size structure, and acoustic-scattering information from depth-stratified net sampling and a lowered acoustic probe. Wet-weight biomass estimates of the micronekton fish in the region vary considerably by a factor of 5–58 between acoustics (16–29 g m–2), nets (1.6 g m–2), and large spatial-scale, ecological models (0.5–3 g m–2). We demonstrate the potential and challenges of an acoustic basin-scale, fishing-vessel monitoring programme, including optical and net sensing, which could assist in characterizing the biodiversity, distribution, and biomass of the micronekton fish.

Keywords: acoustics, ecosystem models, micronekton, ocean basin

Received 8 August 2008; accepted 12 November 2008; advance access publication 8 April 2009.


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