Skip Navigation


ICES Journal of Marine Science: Journal du Conseil Advance Access originally published online on April 2, 2009
ICES Journal of Marine Science: Journal du Conseil 2009 66(6):1081-1090; doi:10.1093/icesjms/fsp054
This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow All Versions of this Article:
66/6/1081    most recent
fsp054v1
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Add to My Personal Archive
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowRequest Permissions
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Demer, D. A.
Right arrow Articles by Butler, J. L.
PubMed
Right arrow Articles by Demer, D. A.
Right arrow Articles by Butler, J. L.
Social Bookmarking
Add to CiteULike   Add to Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us  
What's this?

© United States Government, Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, 2009

This article appears in the following ICES Journal of Marine Science issue: The Ecosystem Approach with Fisheries Acoustics and Complementary Technologies [View the issue table of contents]

A statistical-spectral method for echo classification

David A. Demer, George R. Cutter, Josiah S. Renfree and John L. Butler

Southwest Fisheries Science Center, 8604 La Jolla Shores Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA

Correspondence to D. A. Demer: tel: +1 858 546 5603; fax: +1 858 546 5656; e-mail: david.demer{at}noaa.gov.

Demer, D. A., Cutter, G. R., Renfree, J. S., and Butler, J. L. 2009. A statistical-spectral method for echo classification. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 66: 1081–1090.

The frequency dependence of sound-scatter intensity is commonly exploited to classify fish, zooplankton, and the seabed observed in acoustic surveys. Although less utilized, techniques based on the statistics of echo amplitudes can also be used to extract information. For example, single-frequency echo statistics have been used to determine whether backscatter originates from single or multiple fish or from rough or smooth seabeds, and to estimate scatterer sizes and densities. The efficacies of the amplitude-based techniques are challenged, however, by the usual requirement to group echo measurements to facilitate meaningful comparisons with model predictions. Groupings of data over space, time, or both, can combine scatter from multiple taxa or species, confounding the comparisons. These methods are improved with a hybrid, statistical-spectral method for target identification (SSID), which incorporates information contained in both the signal amplitudes and phases. The SSID uses multifrequency echo statistics from individual time-space intensities (pixels) to identify general scattering types, before applying model-based identification schemes for target identifications. The effectiveness of the SSID is demonstrated for fine-scale separation of scatter from demersal fish and the seabed and estimating seabed depth, within-beam slope, hardness and roughness, and the height of the dynamic acoustic dead zone.

Keywords: acoustic, classification, dead zone, demersal, EK60, hardness, ME70, multifrequency, rockfish, roughness, seabed, slope, split-beam, statistical, target

Received 10 August 2008; accepted 10 January 2009; advance access publication 2 April 2009.


Add to CiteULike CiteULike   Add to Connotea Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us Del.icio.us    What's this?




Disclaimer: Please note that abstracts for content published before 1996 were created through digital scanning and may therefore not exactly replicate the text of the original print issues. All efforts have been made to ensure accuracy, but the Publisher will not be held responsible for any remaining inaccuracies. If you require any further clarification, please contact our Customer Services Department.