ICES Journal of Marine Science: Journal du Conseil Advance Access originally published online on August 11, 2009
ICES Journal of Marine Science: Journal du Conseil 2009 66(10):2205-2210; doi:10.1093/icesjms/fsp211
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Determination of Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) spawning time within a transport cage in the western Mediterranean
1 Centro de Estudios Avanzados de Blanes (CSIC), Acc. Cala Sant. Francesc 14, 17300 Blanes, Girona, Spain
2 Institut de Ciències del Mar (CSIC), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37-49, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
3 Laboratori d'Ictilogia Genètica, Departatment de Biologia, Universitat de Girona, 17071 Girona, Spain
Correspondence to A. Gordoa: tel: +34 972336101; fax: +34 972337806; e-mail: gordoa{at}ceab.csic.es
Gordoa, A., Olivar, M. P., Arevalo, R., Viñas, J., Molí, B., and Illas, X. 2009. Determination of Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) spawning time within a transport cage in the western Mediterranean. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 66: 2205–2210.For the first time, tuna spawning in a transport cage being towed from the western Mediterranean spawning ground to a fattening facility off the coast of northeastern Spain was examined during the 2008 fishing season. Daylight and night surface plankton samples were collected using bongo nets located in front of and behind the transport cage. The results for the different time intervals revealed clear and massive nocturnal spawning from 03:00 to 05:00, when the rear bongo was completely jammed with eggs (up to 250 000–300 000 eggs per 1000 m3). Egg size and morphology were consistent with the features of Thunnus thynnus eggs, and identification was confirmed by genetic analysis. Microscopic examination showed the eggs to be in the very early developmental stages. Spawning took place every night over the entire journey. The study showed that neither captivity nor handling/environmental changes along the route inhibited T. thynnus spawning to a very precise biological clock. The study also revealed the diel temporal concurrence of T. thynnus spawning and jellyfish larvae at the sea surface.
Keywords: Atlantic bluefin tuna, eggs, jellyfish larvae, Mediterranean, spawning period, Thunnus thynnus
Received 18 March 2009; accepted 26 June 2009; advance access publication 11 August 2009.