ICES Journal of Marine Science: Journal du Conseil Advance Access originally published online on March 5, 2008
ICES Journal of Marine Science: Journal du Conseil 2008 65(3):325-331; doi:10.1093/icesjms/fsn013
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This article appears in the following ICES Journal of Marine Science issue: 4th International Zooplankton Production Symposium: Human and Climate Forcing of Zooplankton Populations [View the issue table of contents]
The trophic roles of microzooplankton in marine systems
Marine Zooplankton Ecology Group, Institut de Ciències del Mar (CSIC), P. Marítim de la Barceloneta 37-49, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
tel: +34 932309500; fax: +34 932309555; e-mail: acalbet{at}icm.csic.es
Calbet, A. 2008. The trophic roles of microzooplankton in marine systems. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 65: 325–331.Microzooplankton (here defined as <200 µm grazers) are key components of marine foodwebs. Their grazing significantly affects primary producers and usually exceeds that of mesozooplankton. However, our knowledge of the detailed roles that microzooplankton taxa play in marine ecosystems is surprisingly limited. Here, I identify the main protists responsible for most of the grazing impact on phytoplankton in two contrasting marine ecosystems: oligotrophic waters and productive waters, such as upwelling systems, spring blooms, and other blooms in nearshore and estuarine systems. Evidence indicates that pico- and nano-sized flagellates, which are routinely included with the microzooplankton size class of protists, appear to be the main grazers of phytoplankton in oligotrophic habitats, whereas heterotrophic and mixotrophic dinoflagellates are candidates for the dominant grazing impact in upwelling and other productive ecosystems. Microzooplankton are also important contributors to mesozooplankton diet, especially in oligotrophic areas, although the strength of the mesozooplankton–microzooplankton link is traditionally overlooked in plankton studies. As a final remark, this review emphasizes the need to develop suitable methods for studying the role of microbial grazers in the dynamics of marine ecosystems.
Keywords: grazing, herbivory, microzooplankton, oligotrophy, primary production, upwelling
Received 11 July 2007; accepted 3 January 2008; advance access publication 5 March 2008.
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