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ICES Journal of Marine Science: Journal du Conseil Advance Access originally published online on February 1, 2007
ICES Journal of Marine Science: Journal du Conseil 2007 64(2):394-404; doi:10.1093/icesjms/fsl040
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© 2007 International Council for the Exploration of the Sea. Published by Oxford Journals. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Inferring marine distribution of Canadian and Irish Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) in the North Atlantic from tissue concentrations of bio-accumulated caesium 137

Aaron D. Spares1,, Jeffery M. Reader1, Michael J. W. Stokesbury2, Tom McDermott3, Lubomir Zikovsky4, Trevor S. Avery1 and Michael J. Dadswell1,

1 Biology Department, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS B4P 2R6, Canada
2 Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Life Science Centre, 1355 Oxford Street, Halifax, NS B3H 4J1, Canada
3 Wild Salmon Assessment Section, Catchment Management and Aquaculture Services, Marine Institute, Galway Technology Park, Parkmore, Galway, Ireland
4 Nuclear Engineering Institute, École Polytechnique, PO Box. 6079, succ. centre ville, Montréal, PQ H3C 3A7, Canada

Correspondence to A. D. Spares: tel: +1 902 585 1161; fax: +1 902 585 1059; e-mail sparesa{at}yahoo.com M.J. Dadswell: e-mail mdadswell{at}acadiau.ca

Spares, A.D., Reader, J.M., Stokesbury, M.J.W., McDermott, T., Zikovsky, L., Avery, T.S., and Dadswell, M.J. 2007. Inferring marine distribution of Canadian and Irish Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) in the North Atlantic from tissue concentrations of bio-accumulated caesium 137. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 64: 394–404.

Atlantic salmon returning from marine migrations to eastern Canada and western Ireland during 2002 and 2003 were analysed for tissue concentrations of bio-accumulated caesium 137 (137Cs). Salmon from Canadian and Irish waters demonstrated concentrations (0.20 ± 0.14 Bq kg–1 and 0.19 ± 0.09 Bq kg–1, mean ± s.d., respectively) suggesting similar oceanic feeding distributions during migration. Canadian aquaculture escapees had a similar mean tissue concentration (0.28 ± 0.22 Bq kg–1), suggesting migration with wild salmon. However, significantly higher concentrations in 1-sea-winter (1SW) escapees (0.43 ± 0.25 Bq kg–1) may alternatively suggest feeding within local estuaries. High concentrations in some Canadian 1SW salmon indicated trans-Atlantic migration. Low concentrations of Canadian multi-sea-winter (MSW) salmon suggested a feeding distribution in the Labrador and Irminger Seas before homeward migration, because those regions have the lowest surface water 137Cs levels. Estimates of wild Canadian and Irish salmon feeding east of the Faroes (~8°W) were 14.2% and 10.0% (1SW, 24.7% and 11.5%; MSW, 2.9% and 0.0%), respectively. We propose that most anadromous North Atlantic salmon utilize the North Atlantic Gyre for marine migration and should be classified as a single trans-Atlantic straddling stock.

Keywords: aquaculture and wild Atlantic salmon, Caesium 137, Canada, Ireland, North Atlantic Gyre, trans-Atlantic migration

Received 10 October 2005; accepted 1 December 2006; advance access publication 1 February 2007.


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