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ICES Journal of Marine Science: Journal du Conseil 2006 63(9):1665-1673; doi:10.1016/j.icesjms.2006.07.005
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© 2006 International Council for the Exploration of the Sea

The biology and abundance of kilka (Clupeonella spp.) along the coast of Azerbaijan, Caspian Sea

Elchin V. Mamedov*

Institute of Zoology of the National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan Passage 1128, Quarter 504, Baku AZE 1073, Azerbaijan

*Tel: +994 12 439 73 71; fax: +994 12 439 73 53. e-mail: elchin_kaspiy{at}yahoo.com.

In the changing environmental conditions of the Caspian Sea, and specifically following the accidental introduction of the comb jelly Mnemiopsis leidyi from the Azov–Black Sea basin in the late 1990s, ecosystem functioning has been disturbed, particularly in the pelagic zone. The main commercial species of kilka in the Caspian, anchovy kilka (Clupeonella engrauliformis), suffered greatly from the introduction. The catch of kilka by Russia, Azerbaijan, and Iran dropped from 182 700 t in 2000 to 74 700 t in 2001, although the total allowable catch remained at 300 000 t. Between 2000 and 2004, the catch by Azerbaijan alone dropped from 18 500 t to 5 100 t. Recruitment of anchovy kilka failed in early 2001, resulting in an increase in the average age of the stock, and a big decline in abundance. During kilka surveys conducted in summer 2003 and summer 2004 along the Azerbaijan coast of the central Caspian, the average cone-net catch varied from 19.8 kg to 30.5 kg at depths of 51–90 m, and along the Azerbaijan coast of the southern Caspian from 6.1 to 33.7 kg at depths of 53–81 m. Information is provided on the biology and apparent environmental preferences of the three kilka species of the Caspian, specifically their age composition, growth rate, and mean weight, off the coast of Azerbaijan.

Keywords: Caspian Sea, ecosystem effects, invasive species, kilka fishery, Mnemiopsis leidyi

Received 11 November 2005; accepted 12 July 2006.


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G. M. Daskalov and E. V. Mamedov
Integrated fisheries assessment and possible causes for the collapse of anchovy kilka in the Caspian Sea
ICES J. Mar. Sci., April 1, 2007; 64(3): 503 - 511.
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