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ICES Journal of Marine Science: Journal du Conseil 2005 62(7):1338-1349; doi:10.1016/j.icesjms.2005.04.013
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© 2005 International Council for the Exploration of the Sea

The emerging role of climate in post-smolt growth of Atlantic salmon

Kevin D. Friedlanda,*, Gerald Chaputb and Julian C. MacLeanc

a UMass/NOAA CMER Program, Blaisdell House, University of Massachusetts Amherst, MA 01003, USA
b Department of Fisheries and Oceans PO Box 5030, Moncton, NB, E1C 9B6, Canada
c Freshwater Fisheries Laboratory Field Station, 16 River Street, Montrose, Angus DD10 8DL, Scotland, UK

*Correspondence to K. D. Friedland: tel: +401 782 3236. e-mail: Kevin.friedland{at}noaa.gov.

Though it is well established that mortality during the post-smolt year is critical in shaping recruitment patterns in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.), the controlling mechanism for North Atlantic stocks remains elusive. The emerging paradigm is based on relationships between survival and ocean thermal conditions during the early marine phase. The survival of post-smolts from both Europe and North America has been correlated to sea surface temperature conditions during their first month at sea. In addition, data for European fish support the hypothesis that growth mediates survival during that time. Thus, the working model for a salmon recruitment mechanism is analogous to those proposed for other fish species. We present growth data for two stocks, the Girnock Burn, which is a tributary to the River Dee, Scotland, and the Margaree River, Canada. Circuli spacing data for Girnock Burn fish suggest post-smolt growth is negatively correlated with temperature in the migration corridors during the first months at sea, while post-smolt growth of Margaree fish appears to be positively correlated with temperature. Growth is either patterned by a physiological response to an optimal temperature, or is co-varying with some ecosystem effect on growth, and the growth response might affect mortality and maturation of the stocks.

Keywords: Atlantic salmon, climate, growth, post-smolt

Received 8 August 2004; accepted 25 April 2005.


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