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ICES Journal of Marine Science: Journal du Conseil 1994 51(4):407-421; doi:10.1006/jmsc.1994.1042
© 1994 by ICES/CIEM International Council for the Exploration of the Sea/Conseil International pour l'Exploration de la Mer
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Distribution of the new invader Mnemiopsis sp. and the resident Aurelia aurita and Pleurobrachia pileus populations in the Black Sea in the years 1991–1993

E. Mutlu, F. Bingel, A. C. Gücü, V. V. Melnikov, U. Niermann, N. A. Ostr and V. E. Zaika

Institute of Marine Sciences-Middle East Technical University PO Box 28: TR 33731 Erdemli-Icel, Turkey
Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas - Ukrainian Academy of Science Nachimov Ave., 2, Sevastopol, Ukraine

Since the outburst of Mnemiopsis sp. in 1988–1990 in the Black Sea, two international cruises in June 1991 and in July 1992, and a subsequent survey in August 1993, have determined the distributions of both the invading Mnemiopsis sp. and the resident Aurelia aurita and Pleurobrachia pileus. Aurelia aurita and Pleurobrachia pilues displayed the lowest and the highest population densities of 3–14 individuals m–2 and 172–523 individuals m–2, respectively. The abundances of Mnemiopsis sp. varied from 12–45 individuals m–2. The lower ends of the ranges were found in June 1991, whilst the highest abundances occured in July 1992 and August 1993. Despite the differences in abundance, the average biomass of all three species was about 200 g m–2 wet weight in July 1992 and August 1993, though in June 1991 biomass values were approximately half those found in succeeding years. The abundances and biomass of Mnemiopsis sp. were more than three times higher in the eastern than in the western Black Sea during 1992 and 1993. The biomass of Mnemiopsis sp. and Aurelia aurita decreased in 1992 and 1993 compared to its value in the 1980s, but the biomass of the deep-dwelling Pleurobrachia pileus doubled between 1990/1991 and 1993.

Keywords: Black Sea, Aurelia aurita, Mnemiopsis, Pleurobrachia pileus, Ctenophora, scyphozoa, megazooplankton

Received 21 January 1993; accepted 3 June 1994.


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